Improvement in street-pavement



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. DILGER.

STREET PAVEMENT.

No, 104,942. Patented Ju1y 5,1870.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. DILGER. STREET PAVEMENT.

No. 104,942. Patented July 5, 1870.

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ANDREW uiteen, o r

LOUIS, MISSOURI.

Letters Patent No. 104,942, :lated July 5, 1870.

IMPROVEMEQIT IN STREET-PAVEMENT.

The Schedule referred to in these Lettere Patent and making part of the same.

I, ANDREW DILGER, of St. Louis, in the county of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pavements, of which the following is a speciica-t-ion.

Nature and Object of the Invention.

In this invention in pavements the foundation is preferably of stone, and made in the manner described in another application for patent made simultaneously with this.

In the present invention the pavement or upper portion of the same consists of alternate layers of pitch and mortar, or cement, into which Is rolled gravel or broken stone.

Description with Reference to the Drawing.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved pavement, a portion being shown inits various stages of construction.

Figure 2 isa vertical transverse section of a portion of the same upon a larger scale.

I will first describe the construction of the foundation which I have claimed in my other application before alluded to, and the superimposed layers which constitute the improvement involved in the present application.

ais the sidewalk, and

B, the foundation of the curb or outer edge of thc same.

G is the face of the foundation B, which forms side abutments tothe roadway.

The roadway is first dug cnt ahout two feet six inches in depth from the desired level of the outer edge:- oi the sidewalk, the bottom of the excavation being made horizontal transversely'. The excavation may then be made for the foundation wall B of the sidewalk, and the said wall built, if this has notbeen already done.

I next take a heavy roller, requiring the strength ot' three or four horses to draw-it, and roll the snbfoundation I thoroughly, so as to consolidate it,`tak .ing care to fillV up any depressions that may occur in rolling. I then spread upon the rolled surface I an even layer, d, ot" mortar or cement, one-half inch thick. I

Upon this mortar I planeta layer of dat stones, e c, each of which is .about twelve by twenty-four inchesv square, and from three to four inches thick. These stones are laid upon their broad sides, and the joints being filled with cement or mortar (l, a layer of the same one-half inch thick is spread thereon, and upon this layer oi' mortar is placed another layer of stones,

e c', similar in dimensions to those e e,' and like them laid flat and with mortar, and each stone so placed as to break the joints in the layer beneath.

'into and mix it with the mortar.

If the foundation I is not ofsolid and reliable character, above the second layer of stones e I place another, c" c", similar and similarly'laid to those e e and e c'. These two or three layers of stones, as the case may be, extend from side to side ofthe roadway, and are marked II in the drawing. f

Over the upperlayer c e is spread one=halt` inch of mortar (I, and upon this are laid stones, f, similacto -those before used, except those upon each side nearest to the sidewalk are beveled on their upper outer edges, as shown, so as to give a rise toward the center of the roadway. Each of the courses g g h h, above the course or layer ff, has stones similarly beveled at their edges, so as to give the transverselyarchcdform to the roadway. The beveled portions of the courses or layers would, in practice, b e made up of smaller stones of irregular shape, or of gravel filled in, so as to give the proper contour. 'Ihe center of a street or roadway fifty feet wide might' be made ten inches higher than the gutters. Ihe foundation above described is marked II III in the drawing.

After the foundation II III has been constructed, as specified, I spread upon its whole upper surface a coat, IV, of pitch, one inch thick, (the pitch having been rendered liquid, or semi-liquid, by heat.) Vhen the pitch has become partly or wholly solidified, I spread thereon a coat, V, of mortar three inches thick, and upon this mortar I spread a coat of gravel or broken stones.

On the mortar becoming suiiiciently solid to support a horse, I roll the gravel, so as to force it down This layer V, after, being made solid and even by means of the roller, and any filling in of mixed mortar and gravel found necessary is oversprcad with a coat, fV I, of pitch, one inch thick, which, when sutlieiently solidified, is overlaid with a coat, VII, of mortar, similar to V, and like it receiving a coat of broken stones or gravel, which is mixed with it by rolling.

Over the layer VII, when rolled solid and even, is spread another coat, VIII, ot' pitch, the said coat beingA overlaid with ne gravel IX, which is rolled into and mixed with the'pitch.

The gutter is formed by filling in the'angular space between the curb of the sidewalk a and the coat IX with mortar or cement and gravel s, and covering the outer inclined surface of the same with a coat of pitch, It, into which ne gravel is rolled or beaten.A

Repairs on this pavement are very readily made b filling up any holes or ruts with mortar, into which v ment might be laid on any suitable foundation, or, in favorable situations, might be laid down upon common earth, from'which the surface soil had been removed. 4

` I am aware that pavements have before been made with successive layers of pitch and gravel upon an ordinary cambered foundation. This, therefore, I do 4 not claim. One superiority i'n my invent-ion consists in combining with the upper part of the pavement a foundation of solid stone, at at bottom and cambered at'top, so that the sub-foundation of earth may be level, and the upper part may be supported uniformly in all parts, oli a cambered surface, without any tendency to bear or press out-ward against the curbs.

I claim as my invention- The composite pavement herein described, produced by combining the fiat sub-foundation I, the stone foundation II III, fiat at bottom and cambered at top, and the successive layers IV V VI VII, of pitch, and either gravel or broken' stone, which may beset 1n mortar or cement, all substantially as specified.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.

ANDREW DILGER.

WVitnesses:

SAML. KNIGHT, S. M. SMITH. 

